Choosing Wisely is an international movement aiming to identify commonly performed interventions with limited evidence or benefit and reduce the unintended harm caused by medical care.
What is Choosing Wisely?
Choosing Wisely is an initiative that started in the States and has now spread across the globe as more countries recognise the value of encouraging both patients and clinicians to engage in conversations about unnecessary tests, treatments and procedures.
It comprises lists that are created by national medical specialty societies and represent specific, evidence-based recommendations that clinicians and patients should discuss. Each list provides information on when tests and procedures may be appropriate, as well as the methodology used in its creation.
Choosing Wisely recommendations are not prescriptive but are “intended as guidance to start a conversation about what is appropriate and necessary. As each situation is unique, healthcare professionals and patients should use the recommendations to collaboratively formulate their own appropriate healthcare plan together”.
A recent report ‘Unnecessary Care in Canada’ produced by the Canadian Institute for Health Information and Choosing Wisely Canada and released in April 2017 has found that up to 30% of selected medical tests, treatments and procedures in Canada are potentially unnecessary. This leads to significant waste in terms of patients’ time, system resources and costs, while also leading to increased wait times and patient harm.1
Do more screening tests lead to better health?
We tend to think that screening for various risk factors or diseases leads to better outcomes, however this is not always the case. The following video by Dr Mike Evans explains some of the dilemmas that arise with regard to widespread screening.
Choosing Wisely comes to NZ
Choosing Wisely NZ was launched in December 2016 and is being led by the Council of Medical Colleges in partnership with a range of organisations including Health Quality & Safety Commission and Consumer NZ.
The video includes stories from health care consumers along with advice from Dr John Bonning, president of the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine, chair of the Council of Medical Colleges and an emergency physician at Waikato Hospital.
(The Health Quality & Safety Commission, NZ, 2021)
Examples of NZ recommendations
Don’t delay the introduction of solid/complementary foods to infants – ASCIA Infant Feeding Advice recommends early introduction of solid foods to infants, from 4-6 months old. Read more
Don’t request duplex compression ultrasound for suspected lower limb deep venous thrombosis in ambulatory outpatients unless the Wells Score (deep venous thrombosis risk assessment score) is greater than 2, OR if less than 2, D-dimer assay is positive. Read more
Don’t request imaging for acute ankle trauma unless indicated by the Ottawa Ankle Rules (localised bone tenderness or inability to weight-bear as defined in the Rules). Read more
Don’t perform imaging for patients with non-specific acute low back pain and no indicators of a serious cause for low back pain. Read more
Do not perform surveillance urine cultures or treat bacteriuria in elderly patients in the absence of symptoms or signs of infection. Read more
Do not perform population-based screening for Vitamin D deficiency. Read more
Do not routinely test and treat hyperlipidemia in those with a limited life expectancy. Read more
To date, 18 faculties or specialist groups have identified their top five investigations or treatments for their area, that should be questioned, and published a list of evidence-based recommendations and resources to assist colleagues and patients.
Choosing Wisely NZ encourages patients to communicate with their health professional. As a guide, they recommend patients ask the following 4 questions regarding their test, treatment or procedure:
Do I really need this test or procedure?
What are the risks?
Are there simpler, safer options?
What happens if I don’t do anything?
To facilitate clinician/patient discussion, Choosing Wisely NZ has created a number of patient & consumer resources to support some of their recommendations. These are plain language summaries that gives a brief description of the clinical issue, the evidence, the risks and the options. See patient and consumer resources.
Want to implement a Choosing Wisely campaign in your organisation or service?
Choosing Wisely has produced a series of resources to guide you, from a starter kit, to how to develop and implement recommendations, measure the impact of your project and more. See their campaign resources.
Credits: Thanks to Choosing Wisely NZ for permission to reuse some content to create this page.
Last reviewed: 29 May 2017
Toolkits
The Canadian Choosing Wisely team have created some useful toolkits to focus on specific areas. Here are three examples. Visit the website for more details.
The following faculty and specialist groups have identified the top five tests, procedures or treatments for their area that add the least value and in many cases are not necessary or warranted.
Australasian Chapter of Sexual Health Medicine
The Australasian Chapter of Sexual Health Medicine (AChSHM) is a Chapter of the Royal Australasian College of Physicians (RACP) Adult Internal Medicine Division that connects and represents Sexual Health Medicine Fellows and trainees in Australia and New Zealand.
ACEM is the not-for-profit organisation responsible for training emergency physicians and advancing professional standards in emergency medicine in Australia and New Zealand.
The Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases (ASID) Inc. is an independent organisation, founded in Melbourne in 1976 by an eminent group of physicians, pathologists and scientists. Membership encompasses Infectious Diseases Physicians, Clinical Microbiologists, Scientists, Infection Control Practitioners, Public Health Physicians, Sexual Health Physicians, Veterinarians and others eminent in the field of infectious diseases.
The Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society is the leading advocate on all intensive care related matters. ANZICS leads the world in intensive care research through its Clinical Trials Group and patient databases, including the Adult Patient Database, the Paediatric Intensive Care Registry and Critical Care Resources.
Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy
ASCIA is the professional body for allergy & clinical immunology in Australia & New Zealand. ASCIA is a member of the World Allergy Organisation (WAO) & is affiliated with the Royal Australasian College of Physicians (RACP).
Australian and New Zealand Association of Neurologists
ANZAN aims to ensure that high standards of clinical neurology are practised in Australia and New Zealand by playing an active role in training, continuing education and encouragement of teaching and research.
Australian and New Zealand Society for Geriatric Medicine
ANZSGM is the professional society for geriatricians and other medical practitioners with an interest in medical care of older people. The society acts to represent the needs of its members and the wider community in a bid to constantly review and improve the care of the older people in Australia and New Zealand. Its major functions are around education, policy development and review, and political advocacy.
Australian and New Zealand Society of Palliative Medicine & the Australasian Chapter of Palliative Medicine
ANZSPM is a speciality medical society that facilitates professional development and support for its members and promotes the practice of palliative medicine. AChPM is a Chapter of the RACP’s Adult Medicine Division.
College of Intensive Care Medicine of Australia and New Zealand
The College of Intensive Care Medicine is the body responsible for intensive care medicine specialist training and education in Australia and New Zealand.
Founded in 1998, The Haematology Society of Australia and New Zealand (HSANZ) seeks to promote, foster, develop and assist the study and application of information concerning haematology, and to promote improved standards, interest and research in all aspects of haematology.
The Human Genetics Society of Australasia was formed in 1977 to provide a forum for the various disciplines collected under the title of Human Genetics. The HGSA is a full member of the International Federation of Human Genetics Societies and domestically we work closely with the Royal Australasian College of Physicians and Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia as well as other groups through the Pathology Associations Council.
The New Zealand Dermatological Society is a not-for-profit incorporated society of more than 60 dermatologists, medical and surgical specialists in diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the skin. The NZDS is responsible for providing lifelong continuing professional development, medical education, and advocacy on behalf of its members, to improve the health of New Zealanders.
The Paediatrics & Child Health Division represents 5,000 Fellows and trainees of The Royal Australasian College of Physicians (RACP). We aim to improve the health and wellbeing of neonates, infants, children and young people through education and training, research, and policy and advocacy.
RACS is the leading advocate for surgical standards, professionalism and surgical education in Australia and New Zealand. The College is a not-for-profit organisation that represents more than 7000 surgeons and 1300 surgical trainees and International Medical Graduates.
The Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists
ASCEPT is the professional and independent society in Australia and New Zealand with expertise in the use and toxicity of medicines and chemicals. Established in 1966, ASCEPT is affiliated with the International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (IUPHAR) and the International Union of Toxicology (IUTOX).
The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists – Faculty of Clinical Radiology
RANZCR is a non-profit association that delivers skills, knowledge, and insight to promote the science and practice of the medical specialties of clinical radiology (diagnostic and interventional) and radiation oncology.
The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists – Faculty of Radiation Oncology
RANZCR is a non-profit association that delivers skills, knowledge, and insight to promote the science and practice of the medical specialties of clinical radiology (diagnostic and interventional) and radiation oncology.
RCPA is the leading organisation representing pathologists and senior laboratory scientists in Australasia. Its mission is to train and support pathologists and to improve the use of pathology testing to achieve better healthcare.